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Primary leafminer injury is from the larvae feeding within leaves, making a narrow winding trail, or mine. Larval mines disfigure ornamental plants and vegetable plants may have reduced yields if populations are high. During heavy infestations, larvae may produce leaf mines in flowers. Adult leafminer flies puncture leaves for feeding and egg–laying, and the small white spots will indicate leafminer activity. Leafminers have a very wide host plant range.

Leafminers develop from egg to adult in 14 days (95?F, 35?C) to 64 days (59?F, 15?C). Other species have different lower and upper limits for development, but development trends are similar. The developmental stages are egg, larva (three instars), and pupa (depending on the species, this stage may occur on or off the plant). Leafminers generally do best when plants are high in nitrogen.

Discus™ – Nursery Insecticide
Apply 25 fluid ounces per 100 gallons as a foliar spray; OR apply 3.4 to 5.6 fluid ounces per 1000 ft2 as a spray to the soil surface, followed by irrigation or rainfall to move the active ingredient to the root zone. Use at least 2 gallons of spray volume per 1000 ft2; OR apply .75–1.5 fluid ounces per inch of trunk diameter (at breast height) or per foot of shrub height. Use a minimum of 10 gallons of water per 1000 ft2 as a drench; OR mix 13 fluid ounces (385 ml) in the appropriate amount of water for drenching containers of different sizes (see label).

Marathon® II – Systemic and Translaminar Insecticide
Apply 1.7 fluid ounces (50 ml) per 100 gallons as a foliar spray; OR mix 1.7 fluid ounces in the appropriate amount of water for drenching containers of different sizes (see label); OR apply 0.1–0.2 fluid ounces per inch of trunk diameter (at breast height) or per foot of shrub height. Use a minimum of 10 gallons of water per 1000 ft2 as a drench. Shake well before using.

Marathon® 60WP in WSP – Systemic Insecticide
Mix one 20 gram packet in the appropriate amount of water for drenching containers of different sizes (see label) OR apply one 20 gram packet per 8 to 16 inches of cumulative trunk diameter (at breast height) or per 8 to 16 feet of cumulative shrub height. Use a minimum of 10 gallons of water per 1000 ft2 as a drench.

Marathon® 1% G – Systemic Insecticide
Marathon® 1% Granular systemic insecticide is applied topically to the growing media or incorporated prior to planting.
See label for application rates for different container sizes; OR Apply 15 ounces per 1000 ft2.

Azatin® XL – Insect Growth Regulator
Apply 10 to 16 fluid ounces per 100 gallons to target leafminer larvae. Tank mix with Decathlon 20WP to target both adults and larvae. The pH of the spray solution should be maintained between 3 and 7. For best results use a spray adjuvant. Repeat applications at 5 to 7 day intervals.

Decathlon™ 20 WP – Synthetic Pyrethroid
Apply 1.9 ounces (54 grams) per 100 gallons as a foliar spray. Tank mix with Azatin XL to target larvae and adults. Repeat at 5 to 7 day intervals.