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Soft and armored scale insects are sucking pests that feed on plant fluids. Feeding weakens and may kill plants. Honeydew produced by soft scales can cover leaves and flowers, and is a substrate for black sooty fungus. Armored scales do not produce honeydew.

Soft and armored scale developmental stages are egg (or live nymph), nymph (females, three instars; males, five instars), and adult. Adult males are totally different looking than females, resembling small midge–like insects. Females of some species reproduce without mating (parthenogenesis). Soft scale development from egg to adult is about 60 days, and armored scale development is about 180 days, but varies widely with individual species.

Discus™ – Nursery Insecticide
Apply 25 fluid ounces per 100 gallons as a foliar spray; OR apply 3.4 to 5.6 fluid ounces per 1000 ft2 as a spray to the soil surface, followed by irrigation or rainfall to move the active ingredient to the root zone. Use at least 2 gallons of spray volume per 1000 ft2; OR apply .75–1.5 fluid ounces per inch of trunk diameter (at breast height) or per foot of shrub height. Use a minimum of 10 gallons of water per 1000 ft2 as a drench; OR mix 13 fluid ounces (385 ml) in the appropriate amount of water for drenching containers of different sizes (see label).

Marathon® II – Systemic and Translaminar Insecticide
Apply 1.7 fluid ounces (50 ml) per 100 gallons as a foliar spray; OR mix 1.7 fluid ounces in the appropriate amount of water for drenching containers of different sizes (see label); OR apply 0.1–0.2 fluid ounces per inch of trunk diameter (at breast height) or per foot of shrub height. Use a minimum of 10 gallons of water per 1000 ft2 as a drench. Shake well before use.

Marathon® 60WP in WSP – Systemic Insecticide
Mix one 20 gram packet in the appropriate amount of water for drenching containers of different sizes (see label) OR apply one 20 gram packet per 8 to 16 inches of cumulative trunk diameter (at breast height) or per 8 to 16 feet of cumulative shrub height. Use a minimum of 10 gallons of water per 1000 ft2 as a drench.

Marathon® 1% G – Systemic Insecticide
Marathon® 1% Granular systemic insecticide is applied topically to the growing media or incorporated prior to planting.
See label for application rates for different container sizes; OR Apply 15 ounces per 1000 ft2.

Azatin® XL – Insect Growth Regulator
Apply 10 to 16 fluid ounces per 100 gallons to target nymphs. Tank mix with Decathlon 20WP to improve control. The pH of the spray solution should be maintained between 3 and 7. For best results use a spray adjuvant. Repeat applications at 5 to 7 day intervals.

Triact® 70 – Clarified Hydrophobic Extract of Neem Oil
Apply 1 to 2 gallons per 100 gallons. Repeat at 7 to 10 day intervals depending on the severity of the infestation.

Decathlon® 20 WP – Synthetic Pyrethroid
Apply 1.9 ounces (54 grams) per 100 gallons. Tank mix with Azatin XL insect growth regulator to improve control. Repeat at 5 to 7 day intervals.